They appear as small, dilated blue veins or spider veins. They are often mistaken for a 'bruise'.

Telangiectasias (<1.0 mm in diameter), (capillary network, spider veins) are formed when the venous hypertension causes the intradermal capillary veins to dilate. Their appearance can sometimes suggest changes in the deep vein system. However, it is the cosmetic defect that concerns most patients.

Reticular veins (< 3.0 mm in diameter) are located in the hypodermis and their dilatation has no clinical significance, but like the reticular veins, they cause visual defects.

HOW DANGEROUS IT IS?

They are not clinically dangerous and cause only cosmetic defects. They appear more in women as they grow older. They are rather rare in men. Consultation with a phlebologist is highly recommended. Can be treated by sclerotherapy or laser procedures. Hormonal contraception or HRT is not recommended.

TREATMENT:

•  sclerotherapy,  
• laser therapy,   
• thermocoagulation, 
• drugs.

Varicose veins are usually the first symptom noticed by the patient. The cause of varicose or dilated veins is damage to the valves of trunk veins VSM and VSP.

In case of abnormality of trunk veins and their main branches (>3.0 mm in diameter) they cause both clinically and cosmetically significant changes with significant varicose veins, sensation of heaviness, itching, impaired skin trophism.

We recommend consulting a phlebologist in case of venous nodes. A duplex ultrasound scan of the leg veins is required.

WHAT TO DO?

First, eliminate the venous reflux of the damaged trunk vein and only then remove the varicose nodes, not the other way round.

TREATMENT

Surgical treatment of the veins based on diagnostic data. you can choose:

• sclerotherapy,
• endovenous surgery.

TREATMENT

In case of oedema, diagnosis is important to identify the cause of the swelling:

• venous insufficiency,
• lymphostasis,   
• cardiac insufficiency,  
• obesity, 
• other cause. 

The underlying disease is treated to reduce the swelling.

Brownish-red spots usually appear on the inside of the lower legs. They are associated with prolonged venous stasis but can be a symptom accompanying other conditions.   

Be sure to consult a phlebologist, dermatologist, or specialist in laser therapy. Pigmentation should be taken extremely seriously, and action should be taken as soon as possible, as it can be associated with serious problem of deep veins which, if not treated, can lead to incurable vein damage with extremely unpleasant consequences for the rest of your life.  

The underlying cause of pigmentation is often neglected for an unreasonably long time, as we are used to freckles, haematomas (bruises) and other visual changes of the skin, attributing them to everyday micro-injuries. Be careful, observe and take care of yourself. Consult a doctor if you have any suspicions.

TREATMENT

In case of pigmentation, diagnosis is important to establish the cause of the pigmentation and eliminate it. Pigmentation can suggest extremely severe vein disease with a high risk of progression, which can complicate the rest of your life.

SUBSEQUENT TREATMENT:

• Q switch laser therapy,
•  IPL laser therapy, 
• local drug treatment.
   

There are many forms of trophic ulcers (they are also called chronic wounds) and they are caused by various reasons. The most common ones can be divided into three large groups – venous, arterial, and neuropathic.

Th. A consultation of a vascular surgeon or phlebologist is compulsory. Further treatment is carried out according to doctor’s instructions.

Venous leg ulcers as the most severe manifestation of CVI are often painful, exuding, cause restricted movement and social isolation and worsen the quality of life for about 1-5% of the population. They can also be of ischaemic origin (atherosclerotic blockage of the arteries). Localised in the legs below the knee. 

Accurate diagnosis is important, including a consultation of a vascular surgeon (angiosurgeon) in case of an ulcer.   

• compression therapy with low-tension compression bandages is a MUST in case of venous insufficiency ulcers;  
• wearing compression stockings – special stockings for ulcers;  
• drug therapy.